Effect of Tryptophan in Swine production. a review

Abstract

Poor feeding is one of the factors that affect swine’s productivity. Diet selection and voluntary feed intake being part of feeding behaviour, determines the nutrients available for metabolism and homoeostasis. Feed formulation with balanced Amino acid profile at the least possible cost is one of the ways of improving the feeding and productivity. Tryptophan is an essential amino acid which cannot be secereted by the body adequately, but can be included in swine diet. It has been used in swine husbandry to enhance growth performance, reduce stress and regulate insulin response and protein synthesis in muscle and a possible effect on meat. Several scientists have demonstrated the essentiality of supplementing swine diet with Tryptophan to circumvent the effect of its deficiency on swine’s productivity. Based on these enormous roles of trp., it can be employed for use as a dietary supplement, antidepressant, higher feed intake, feed efficiency, and as a niacin precursor, among others. Besides serving as a building block for proteins, tryptophan is a critical nutrient for the functions of nervous and immune systems. Over the past decades, much attention has been directed to study the role of tryptophan as a limiting amino acid in mammalian. However, emerging evidence from recent studies shows that tryptophan and its metabolites [e.g., serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and melatonin)] can regulate feed intake, reproduction, immunity, neurological function, and anti-stress responses. Additionally, tryptophan may modulate gene expression and nutrient metabolism to impact whole-body homeostasis in organisms. Thus, adequate intake of this amino acidPoor feeding is one of the factors that affect swine’s productivity. Diet selection and voluntary feed intake being part of feeding behaviour, determines the nutrients available for metabolism and homoeostasis. Feed formulation with balanced Amino acid profile at the least possible cost is one of the ways of improving the feeding and productivity. Tryptophan is an essential amino acid which cannot be secereted by the body adequately, but can be included in swine diet. It has been used in swine husbandry to enhance growth performance, reduce stress and regulate insulin response and protein synthesis in muscle and a possible effect on meat. Several scientists have demonstrated the essentiality of supplementing swine diet with Tryptophan to circumvent the effect of its deficiency on swine’s productivity. Based on these enormous roles of trp., it can be employed for use as a dietary supplement, antidepressant, higher feed intake, feed efficiency, and as a niacin precursor, among others. Besides serving as a building block for proteins, tryptophan is a critical nutrient for the functions of nervous and immune systems. Over the past decades, much attention has been directed to study the role of tryptophan as a limiting amino acid in mammalian. However, emerging evidence from recent studies shows that tryptophan and its metabolites [e.g., serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and melatonin)] can regulate feed intake, reproduction, immunity, neurological function, and anti-stress responses. Additionally, tryptophan may modulate gene expression and nutrient metabolism to impact whole-body homeostasis in organisms. Thus, adequate intake of this amino acid from the diet is crucial for growth, development, and health of animals. In swine husbandry; tryptophan is highly essential therefore necessitate the review on the effect of tryptophan in swine production.from the diet is crucial for growth, development, and health of animals. In swine husbandry; tryptophan is highly essential therefore necessitate the review on the effect of tryptophan in swine production.

Une mauvaise alimentation est l’un des facteurs qui affectent la productivité des porcs. La sélection du régime alimentaire et l'apport alimentaire volontaire faisant partie du comportement alimentaire, déterminent les nutriments disponibles pour le métabolisme et l'homéostasie. La formulation d’aliments avec un profil d’acides aminés équilibré au moindre coût possible est l'un des moyens d'améliorer l’alimentation et la productivité. Le tryptophane est un acide aminé essentiel qui ne peut pas être sécrété par l’organisme de manière adéquate, mais peut être inclus dans l'alimentation des porcs. Il a été utilisé dans l’élevage porcin pour améliorer les performances de croissance, réduire le stress et réguler la réponse à l’insuline et la synthèse des protéines dans les muscles et un effet possible sur la viande. Plusieurs scientifiques ont démontré l’importance de compléter l’alimentation des porcs avec du tryptophane pour contourner l’effet de sa carence sur la productivité des porcs. Sur la base de ces énormes rôles de trp., il peut être utilisé comme complément alimentaire, antidépresseur, apport alimentaire plus élevé, efficacité alimentaire et précurseur de la niacine, entre autres. En plus de servir de bloc de construction pour les protéines, le tryptophane est un nutriment essentiel pour les fonctions des systèmes nerveux et immunitaire. Au cours des dernières décennies, une grande attention a été portée à l’étude du rôle du tryptophane en tant qu’acide aminé limitant chez les mammifères. Cependant, de nouvelles preuves issues d'études récentes montrent que le tryptophane et ses métabolites [par exemple, la sérotonine (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) et la mélatonine)] peuvent réguler l’apport alimentaire, la reproduction, l’immunité, la fonction neurologique et les réponses anti-stress. De plus, le tryptophane peut moduler l’expression des gènes et le métabolisme des nutriments pour avoir un impact sur l’homéostasie du corps entier dans les organismes. Ainsi, un apport adéquat de cet acide aminé dans l’alimentation est crucial pour la croissance, le développement et la santé des animaux. Dans l’élevage porcin; le tryptophane est hautement essentiel, il est donc nécessaire d’examiner l’effet du tryptophane dans la production porcine.